Artificial Intelligence as a Driver of Transformation in Higher Education and Scientific Research in Morocco: An Analytical Study of Its Impact on University Performance and Sustainable Development

Abstract

This study is situated within the context of the rapid digital transformations shaping the higher education sector, with a particular focus on the role of artificial intelligence in reshaping higher education and scientific research systems in Morocco. It aims to analyze the extent to which these technologies contribute to enhancing the quality of education, improving the efficiency of scientific research, and fostering innovation in pursuit of sustainable development goals. To achieve this objective, the study adopts an analytical approach based on a comprehensive review of recent scientific literature, as well as the analysis of relevant national and international reports and indicators. It also employs a comparative perspective to examine leading international experiences in the integration of artificial intelligence in higher education. The findings reveal that the integration of artificial intelligence significantly contributes to the development of interactive learning methods, the improvement of educational outcomes, and the strengthening of research capacities. However, this transformation faces several structural challenges, notably inadequate digital infrastructure, limited specialized skills, and the absence of a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework governing the use of these technologies. The study concludes that adopting a digital governance model grounded in strategic planning, strengthening investment in digital infrastructure, and developing human capital are essential to ensure the effective and sustainable integration of artificial intelligence within Morocco’s higher education system.